Reduction in bacteria on zirconia surfaces after treatment
| Group | Log CFU/mL (mean ± SD) | Bacterial reduction (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 7.54 ± 0.31 | - | - |
| CHX | 6.21 ± 0.14 | 95.3 |
< 0.001 |
| TC | 6.24 ± 0.07 | 95.0 |
< 0.001 |
| TBO | 7.19 ± 0.50 | 55.3 |
< 0.05 |
| Laser | 7.49 ± 0.12 | 10.1 | 0.987 |
| PDT | 6.33 ± 0.07 | 93.8 |
< 0.001 |
CHX, chlorhexidine; TC, tetracycline; TBO, toluidine blue O.; Laser, cold diode laser; PDT, photodynamic therapy.
* Significant differences compared to control group (PBS group) (P < 0.05) using ANOVA.
** Significant differences compared to control group (PBS group) (P < 0.001) using ANOVA.
