Differences in chewing discomfort according to general characteristics, physical activity, and mental health
| Variable | Chewing discomfort | χ2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No n (%) | Yes n (%) | |||||
| General characteristics | Gender | Male | 32,736 (67.5) | 15,766 (32.5) | 260.173 | < 0.001 |
| Female | 4,364 (72.1) | 15,634 (27.9) | ||||
| Smoking | Non-smoker | 59,795 (72.3) | 22,949 (27.7) | 1011.521 | < 0.001 | |
| Smoker | 13,305 (61.2) | 8,451 (38.8) | ||||
| Drinking (A week) | Non-drinking | 21,611 (68.5) | 9,953 (31.5) | 200.444 | < 0.001 | |
| ≤ 1 | 35,173 (72.1) | 13,630 (27.9) | ||||
| ≥ 2 | 16,316 (67.6) | 7,817 (32.4) | ||||
| Health level | Good | 35,044 (79.4) | 9,108 (20.6) | 4597.869 | < 0.001 | |
| Middle | 32,290 (66.5) | 16,295 (33.5) | ||||
| Bad | 5,766 (49.0) | 5,997 (51.0) | ||||
| Oral health level | Good | 26,379 (96.2) | 1,029 (3.8) | 26342.800 | < 0.001 | |
| Middle | 37,290 (75.2) | 12,281 (24.8) | ||||
| Bad | 9,431 (34.3) | 18,090 (65.6) | ||||
| Economic activity | Worker | 56,548 (71.4) | 22,652 (28.6) | 325.796 | < 0.001 | |
| Non-worker | 16,552 (65.4) | 8,748 (34.6) | ||||
| Hypertension | Yes | 16,443 (65.8) | 8,533 (34.2) | 264.654 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 56,657 (71.2) | 22,867 (28.8) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | Yes | 6,817 (60.1) | 4,527 (39.9) | 588.434 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 66,283 (71.2) | 26,873 (28.8) | ||||
| Physical activity | Intense | Yes | 19,135 (72.6) | 7,209 (27.4) | 120.630 | < 0.001 |
| No | 53,965 (69.0) | 24,191 (31.0) | ||||
| Moderate | Yes | 27,496 (71.1) | 11,168 (28.9) | 34.498 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 45,604 (69.3) | 20,232 (30.7) | ||||
| Walking (A week) | No | 11,497 (64.8) | 6,258 (35.2) | 284.519 | < 0.001 | |
| ≤ 3 | 18,078 (70.3) | 7,646 (29.7) | ||||
| ≥ 4 | 43,525 (71.3) | 17,496 (28.7) | ||||
| Mental health | Stress | Low | 59,030 (72.1) | 22,865 (27.9) | 815.600 | < 0.001 |
| High | 14,070 (62.2) | 8,535 (37.8) | ||||
| Sleep time | ≤ 6 | 35,402 (67.8) | 16,839 (32.2) | 237.376 | < 0.001 | |
| ≥ 7 | 37,698 (72.1) | 14,561 (27.9) | ||||
| Suicidal ideation | Yes | 3,142 (49.5) | 3,208 (50.5) | 1348.028 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 69,958 (71.3) | 28,192 (28.7) | ||||
| Suicide attempt | Yes | 124 (34.3) | 237 (65.7) | 218.460 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 72,976 (70.1) | 31,163 (29.9) | ||||
| Cognitive impairment | Yes | 12,387 (59.9) | 8,306 (40.1) | 1250.092 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 60,713 (72.4) | 23,094 (27.6) | ||||
| Depression | None | 65,525 (72.7) | 24,570 (27.3) | 2614.179 | < 0.001 | |
| Mild | 6,293 (55.3) | 5,078 (44.7) | ||||
| Moderate | 929 (44.9) | 1,140 (55.1) | ||||
| ≥ Moderate severe | 353 (36.6) | 612 (63.4) | ||||
